Verticillium Wilt
Agent: Verticillium albo-atrum / Verticillium dahliae

Symptoms
Symptoms are very similar to root rot, the difference is that this fungus prefers cooler, neutral pH soils. Brown spots may also appear on the leaves in addition to yellowing.
Control and prevention
Remove affected plants. Prevention: resistant varieties, crop rotation. If attacked - fungicides.
Related problems
Similar symptoms might indicate a different cause — compare them.

Root Rot
Fusarium oxysporum
Common in tomato gardens. Thrives in warm, acidic soils. Infects the plant through the roots, spreads through the circulatory system. The first symptom is yellowing of the lower leaves; dark brown spots are found when the stem is cut. Can affect potatoes, peppers, eggplants.

Early blight and black fruit rot
Alternaria solani
Usually appears when fruits begin to set. First affects the lower leaves, then the stem and fruits. Large brown or black spots with concentric rings appear on them. Around the spot, the leaf begins to yellow and dies. It also attacks potatoes and eggplants. The fungus is resistant and persists for several years.

Late blight
Phytophthora infestans
Dark green or black spots appear and spread on the edges of the leaves. The same can appear on the fruits.